Artikel IYRES: Pola Dan Motif Tontonan Televisyen Dalam Kalangan Belia Malaysia

POLA DAN MOTIF TONTONAN TELEVISYEN DALAM KALANGAN BELIA MALAYSIA

MOHD SOBHI ISHAK, AWAN ISMAIL, BAKRI MAT, AZAHAR KASSIM, SHARIFFAH MAMAT, NORATI’QAH TALIB

ABSTRAK

Pengaruh program televisyen (TV) terhadap belia telah mendapat perhatian pengkaji sains sosial di seluruh dunia sejak tahun 1950an hingga kini. Artikel ini bertujuan bagi membincangkan pola dan motif tontonan televisyen dalam kalangan belia Malaysia pada masa kini. Kajian tinjauan secara keratan rentas berbantukan borang soal selidik telah dijalankan terhadap 2007 orang belia berumur 15 hingga 40 tahun. Persampelan rawak berstrata tak seimbang pelbagai tahap digunakan meliputi 20 buah kawasan dari 9 negeri. Data analisis secara deskriptif dalam bentuk bilangan, peratus, min dan sisihan piawai. Dapatan kajian berkaitan pola tontonan TV menunjukkan majoriti respoden adalah penonton paling tegar yang menonton lebih dari 5 jam sehari. Slot waktu kegemaran menonton ialah antara jam 6.00 petang hingga 10.00 malam. Dapatan kajian juga menunjukkan TV sering ditonton bersama ahli keluarga yang lain berbanding dengan ibu bapa dan rakan-rakan. Manakala program TV yang paling digemari ialah filem dan drama. Analisis terhadap motif tontonan pula menunjukkan min persetujuan sederhana tinggi terhadap motif pembelajaran, bersantai dan mengisi masa lapang. Min persetujuan sederhana rendah pula ialah berkaitan motif TV sebagai peneman, rangsangan dan eskapisme. Motif utama responden ialah untuk mengetahui apa yang berlaku di seluruh dunia dan mengisi masa lapang. Dapatan kajian ini dapat memberi input terhadap perancangan program TV yang dapat meningkatkan perkembangan sosial belia di Malaysia.

Kata kunci: Belia, Televisyen, Pola dan motif tontonan.

ABSTRACTS

The influence of television program (TV) to the youth has gained the attention of worldwide researchers in social sciences since the 1970s to the present. This article aims to discuss the patterns and motives in television viewing among young Malaysians nowadays. In cross-sectional survey using a questionnaire was conducted on 2,007 young people aged 15 to 40 years. Multistage dispropotionate stratified random sampling technique was used covering 20 districts of 9 states. Data were analysed descriptively in the form of numbers, percentages, means and standard deviations. The findings related to TV viewing patterns showed the majority of respondents are heavy viewer audience who watch more than 5 hours a day. Time favourite for watching TV slot is between 6.00 pm to 10.00 pm. The findings also showed that TV is often viewed with other family members rather than with parents and friends. Meanwhile, the most popular TV program is the film and drama. Analysis of the motives was demonstrated to show a mean approval moderately high in learning motive, relax and pass the time. An analysis of TV viewing patterns showed higher mean simple approval to the motive of learning, recreation and leisure. Min simple agreement is low regarding the motives of TV as a companion, excitement and escapism. The main motive of the respondents is to find out what's happening around the world and spend their spare time. The findings of this study can provide input to the planning TV programs that improve youth development in Malaysia.

Keywords: Youth, Television, Television viewing patterns and motives .